Top Cited Articles of All Time (2008 edition)

Top Cited Articles of All Time (2008 edition)

The 50 most highly cited papers of All Time (2008 edition)

Keep in mind that citation counts can never be exact, there is something like a 5% error in most of these numbers. Please do not fret about number 32 versus 33, as this is often not a statistically significant difference. Remember the detailed warning about the accuracy of these counts.

Also note that the counts shown, and used in the rankings, are the counts as of Thu 8-Jan-2009. Further, the counts shown by the ranking are only the cites satisfying the criteria for that list. Actual citation numbers in the database may change as corrections are made and papers are added, the links will take you to the updated numbers. The lists, however, will not update.

  1. 32839
    Review of Particle Physics
    By Particle Data Group (C. Amsler et al.).
    Citations are counted for all versions of the RPP, most recent version is:
    Published in:Phys.Lett.B667:1,2008
    [391 Total citations in HEP]
    [32872 Total Citations to all copies of RPP in HEP]
  2. 6815
    A Model of Leptons
    By Steven Weinberg (MIT, LNS).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.Lett.19:1264-1266,1967
    [6817 Total citations in HEP]
  3. 5715
    The Large N limit of superconformal field theories and supergravity
    By Juan Martin Maldacena (Harvard U.).
    Published in:Adv.Theor.Math.Phys.2:231-252,1998, Int.J.Theor.Phys.38:1113-1133,1999 (arXiv: hep-th/9711200)
    [5812 Total citations in HEP]
  4. 5590
    CP Violation in the Renormalizable Theory of Weak Interaction
    By Makoto Kobayashi, Toshihide Maskawa (Kyoto U.).
    Published in:Prog.Theor.Phys.49:652-657,1973
    [5594 Total citations in HEP]
  5. 5119
    First year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) observations: Determination of cosmological parameters
    By WMAP Collaboration (D.N. Spergel et al.).
    Published in:Astrophys.J.Suppl.148:175,2003 (arXiv: astro-ph/0302209)
    [5133 Total citations in HEP]
  6. 4156
    Measurements of Omega and Lambda from 42 high redshift supernovae
    By Supernova Cosmology Project (S. Perlmutter et al.).
    Published in:Astrophys.J.517:565-586,1999 (arXiv: astro-ph/9812133)
    [4168 Total citations in HEP]
  7. 4018
    A Large mass hierarchy from a small extra dimension
    By Lisa Randall (Princeton U. & MIT, LNS), Raman Sundrum (Boston U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.Lett.83:3370-3373,1999 (arXiv: hep-ph/9905221)
    [4029 Total citations in HEP]
  8. 3973
    Observational evidence from supernovae for an accelerating universe and a cosmological constant
    By Supernova Search Team (Adam G. Riess et al.).
    Published in:Astron.J.116:1009-1038,1998 (arXiv: astro-ph/9805201)
    [3981 Total citations in HEP]
  9. 3904
    Maps of dust IR emission for use in estimation of reddening and CMBR foregrounds
    By David J. Schlegel (Durham U.), Douglas P. Finkbeiner, Marc Davis (UC, Berkeley).
    Published in:Astrophys.J.500:525,1998 (arXiv: astro-ph/9710327)
    [3910 Total citations in HEP]
  10. 3889
    Anti-de Sitter space and holography
    By Edward Witten (Princeton, Inst. Advanced Study).
    Published in:Adv.Theor.Math.Phys.2:253-291,1998 (arXiv: hep-th/9802150)
    [3900 Total citations in HEP]
  11. 3793
    Weak Interactions with Lepton-Hadron Symmetry
    By S.L. Glashow, J. Iliopoulos, L. Maiani (Harvard U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.D2:1285-1292,1970
    [3795 Total citations in HEP]
  12. 3792
    Asymptotic Freedom in Parton Language
    By Guido Altarelli (Ecole Normale Superieure), G. Parisi (IHES, Bures-sur-Yvette).
    Published in:Nucl.Phys.B126:298,1977
    [3793 Total citations in HEP]
  13. 3690
    Partial Symmetries of Weak Interactions
    By S.L. Glashow (Copenhagen U.).
    Published in:Nucl.Phys.22:579-588,1961
    [3692 Total citations in HEP]
  14. 3624
    The Hierarchy problem and new dimensions at a millimeter
    By Nima Arkani-Hamed (SLAC), Savas Dimopoulos (Stanford U., Phys. Dept.), G.R. Dvali (ICTP, Trieste).
    Published in:Phys.Lett.B429:263-272,1998 (arXiv: hep-ph/9803315)
    [3632 Total citations in HEP]
  15. 3600
    An Alternative to compactification
    By Lisa Randall (Princeton U. & MIT, LNS), Raman Sundrum (Boston U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.Lett.83:4690-4693,1999 (arXiv: hep-th/9906064)
    [3607 Total citations in HEP]
  16. 3461
    QCD and Resonance Physics. Sum Rules
    By Mikhail A. Shifman, A.I. Vainshtein, Valentin I. Zakharov (Moscow, ITEP).
    Published in:Nucl.Phys.B147:385-447,1979
    [3462 Total citations in HEP]
  17. 3425
    Gauge theory correlators from noncritical string theory
    By S.S. Gubser, Igor R. Klebanov, Alexander M. Polyakov (Princeton U.).
    Published in:Phys.Lett.B428:105-114,1998 (arXiv: hep-th/9802109)
    [3433 Total citations in HEP]
  18. 3402
    Supersymmetry, Supergravity and Particle Physics
    By Hans Peter Nilles (Geneva U. & CERN).
    Published in:Phys.Rept.110:1-162,1984
    [3406 Total citations in HEP]
  19. 3299
    The Inflationary Universe: A Possible Solution to the Horizon and Flatness Problems
    By Alan H. Guth (SLAC).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.D23:347-356,1981
    [3305 Total citations in HEP]
  20. 3295
    The Search for Supersymmetry: Probing Physics Beyond the Standard Model
    By Howard E. Haber (UC, Santa Cruz & SLAC), Gordon L. Kane (Michigan U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rept.117:75-263,1985
    [3298 Total citations in HEP]
  21. 3229
    Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) three year results: implications for cosmology
    By WMAP Collaboration (D.N. Spergel et al.).
    Published in:Astrophys.J.Suppl.170:377,2007 (arXiv: astro-ph/0603449)
    [3245 Total citations in HEP]
  22. 3220
    Particle Creation by Black Holes
    By S.W. Hawking (Cambridge U.).
    Published in:Commun.Math.Phys.43:199-220,1975, Erratum-ibid.46:206-206,1976
    [3224 Total citations in HEP]
  23. 3135
    Evidence for oscillation of atmospheric neutrinos
    By Super-Kamiokande Collaboration (Y. Fukuda et al.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.Lett.81:1562-1567,1998 (arXiv: hep-ex/9807003)
    [3137 Total citations in HEP]
  24. 3102
    Confinement of Quarks
    By Kenneth G. Wilson (Cornell U., LNS).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.D10:2445-2459,1974
    [3102 Total citations in HEP]
  25. 3086
    Unity of All Elementary Particle Forces
    By H. Georgi, S.L. Glashow (Harvard U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.Lett.32:438-441,1974
    [3087 Total citations in HEP]
  26. 3047
    Dynamical Model of Elementary Particles Based on an Analogy with Superconductivity. 1.
    By Yoichiro Nambu, G. Jona-Lasinio (Chicago U., EFI).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.122:345-358,1961
    [3048 Total citations in HEP]
  27. 3021
    Neutrino Oscillations in Matter
    By L. Wolfenstein (Carnegie Mellon U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.D17:2369-2374,1978
    [3024 Total citations in HEP]
  28. 2889
    Lepton Number as the Fourth Color
    By Jogesh C. Pati (Maryland U.), Abdus Salam (ICTP, Trieste & Imperial Coll., London).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.D10:275-289,1974, Erratum-ibid.D11:703-703,1975
    [2892 Total citations in HEP]
  29. 2846
    Computation of the Quantum Effects Due to a Four-Dimensional Pseudoparticle
    By Gerard 't Hooft (Harvard U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.D14:3432-3450,1976, Erratum-ibid.D18:2199,1978
    [2848 Total citations in HEP]
  30. 2832
    Unitary Symmetry and Leptonic Decays
    By Nicola Cabibbo (CERN).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.Lett.10:531-533,1963
    [2835 Total citations in HEP]
  31. 2809
    A Planar Diagram Theory for Strong Interactions
    By Gerard 't Hooft (CERN).
    Published in:Nucl.Phys.B72:461,1974
    [2811 Total citations in HEP]
  32. 2703
    New dimensions at a millimeter to a Fermi and superstrings at a TeV
    By Ignatios Antoniadis (Ecole Polytechnique), Nima Arkani-Hamed (SLAC), Savas Dimopoulos (Stanford U., Phys. Dept.), G.R. Dvali (ICTP, Trieste).
    Published in:Phys.Lett.B436:257-263,1998 (arXiv: hep-ph/9804398)
    [2707 Total citations in HEP]
  33. 2662
    High-energy physics event generation with PYTHIA 5.7 and JETSET 7.4
    By Torbjorn Sjostrand (CERN).
    Published in:Comput.Phys.Commun.82:74-90,1994
    [2663 Total citations in HEP]
  34. 2643
    On gauge invariance and vacuum polarization
    By Julian S. Schwinger (Harvard U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.82:664-679,1951
    [2646 Total citations in HEP]
  35. 2595
    Radiative Corrections as the Origin of Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking
    By Sidney R. Coleman, Erick J. Weinberg (Harvard U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.D7:1888-1910,1973
    [2598 Total citations in HEP]
  36. 2516
    Regularization and Renormalization of Gauge Fields
    By Gerard 't Hooft, M.J.G. Veltman (Utrecht U.).
    Published in:Nucl.Phys.B44:189-213,1972
    [2516 Total citations in HEP]
  37. 2484
    Reliable Perturbative Results for Strong Interactions?
    By H.David Politzer (Harvard U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.Lett.30:1346-1349,1973
    [2485 Total citations in HEP]
  38. 2473
    First year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) observations: Preliminary maps and basic results
    By WMAP Collaboration (C.L. Bennett et al.).
    Published in:Astrophys.J.Suppl.148:1,2003 (arXiv: astro-ph/0302207)
    [2480 Total citations in HEP]
  39. 2468
    Ultraviolet Behavior of Nonabelian Gauge Theories
    By D.J. Gross, Frank Wilczek (Princeton U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.Lett.30:1343-1346,1973
    [2469 Total citations in HEP]
  40. 2449
    String theory and noncommutative geometry
    By Nathan Seiberg, Edward Witten (Princeton, Inst. Advanced Study).
    Published in:JHEP 9909:032,1999 (arXiv: hep-th/9908142)
    [2451 Total citations in HEP]
  41. 2447
    Symmetry Breaking Through Bell-Jackiw Anomalies
    By Gerard 't Hooft (Harvard U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.Lett.37:8-11,1976
    [2448 Total citations in HEP]
  42. 2440
    Axial vector vertex in spinor electrodynamics
    By Stephen L. Adler (Princeton U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.177:2426-2438,1969
    [2441 Total citations in HEP]
  43. 2423
    Chiral Perturbation Theory: Expansions in the Mass of the Strange Quark
    By J. Gasser (Bern U.), H. Leutwyler (CERN).
    Published in:Nucl.Phys.B250:465,1985
    [2423 Total citations in HEP]
  44. 2397
    Chiral Perturbation Theory to One Loop
    By J. Gasser (Bern U.), H. Leutwyler (CERN).
    Published in:Annals Phys.158:142,1984
    [2397 Total citations in HEP]
  45. 2362
    Infinite Conformal Symmetry in Two-Dimensional Quantum Field Theory
    By A.A. Belavin, Alexander M. Polyakov (Landau Inst.), A.B. Zamolodchikov (CERN & Landau Inst.).
    Published in:Nucl.Phys.B241:333-380,1984
    [2362 Total citations in HEP]
  46. 2249
    Exclusive Processes in Perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics
    By G.Peter Lepage (Cornell U., LNS), Stanley J. Brodsky (SLAC).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.D22:2157,1980
    [2250 Total citations in HEP]
  47. 2243
    Resonance Amplification of Oscillations in Matter and Spectroscopy of Solar Neutrinos
    By S.P. Mikheev, A.Yu. Smirnov (Moscow, INR).
    Published in:Sov.J.Nucl.Phys.42:913-917,1985, Yad.Fiz.42:1441-1448,1985
    [2254 Total citations in HEP]
  48. 2149
    Neutrino Mass and Spontaneous Parity Violation
    By Rabindra N. Mohapatra (City Coll., N.Y.), Goran Senjanovic (Maryland U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.Lett.44:912,1980
    [2154 Total citations in HEP]
  49. 2105
    QCD and Resonance Physics: Applications
    By Mikhail A. Shifman, A.I. Vainshtein, Valentin I. Zakharov (Moscow, ITEP).
    Published in:Nucl.Phys.B147:448-518,1979
    [2106 Total citations in HEP]
  50. 2099
    A Universal density profile from hierarchical clustering
    By Julio F. Navarro (Arizona U., Astron. Dept. - Steward Observ.), Carlos S. Frenk (Durham U.), Simon D.M. White (Garching, Max Planck Inst.).
    Published in:Astrophys.J.490:493-508,1997 (arXiv: astro-ph/9611107)
    [2107 Total citations in HEP]