Top Cited Articles of All Time (2002 edition)

Top Cited Articles of All Time (2002 edition)

The 50 most highly cited papers of All Time (2002 edition)

Keep in mind that citation counts can never be exact, there is something like a 5% error in most of these numbers. Please do not fret about number 32 versus 33, as this is often not a statistically significant difference. Remember the detailed warning about the accuracy of these counts.

Also note that the counts shown, and used in the rankings, are the counts as of Wed 21-Mar-2007. Further, the counts shown by the ranking are only the cites satisfying the criteria for that list. Actual citation numbers in the database may change as corrections are made and papers are added, the links will take you to the updated numbers. The lists, however, will not update.

  1. 19494
    Review of Particle Physics
    By Particle Data Group (W.-M. Yao et al.).
    Citations are counted for all versions of the RPP, most recent version is:
    Published in:J.Phys.G33:1-1232,2006
    [676 Total citations in HEP]
    [27783 Total Citations to all copies of RPP in HEP]
  2. 5791
    A Model of Leptons
    By Steven Weinberg (MIT, LNS).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.Lett.19:1264-1266,1967
    [6221 Total citations in HEP]
  3. 4098
    CP Violation in the Renormalizable Theory of Weak Interaction
    By Makoto Kobayashi, Toshihide Maskawa (Kyoto U.).
    Published in:Prog.Theor.Phys.49:652-657,1973
    [4988 Total citations in HEP]
  4. 3332
    Weak Interactions with Lepton-Hadron Symmetry
    By S.L. Glashow, J. Iliopoulos, L. Maiani (Harvard U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.D2:1285-1292,1970
    [3526 Total citations in HEP]
  5. 2962
    Partial Symmetries of Weak Interactions
    By S.L. Glashow (Copenhagen U.).
    Published in:Nucl.Phys.22:579-588,1961
    [3298 Total citations in HEP]
  6. 2955
    Asymptotic Freedom in Parton Language
    By Guido Altarelli (Ecole Normale Superieure), G. Parisi (IHES, Bures-sur-Yvette).
    Published in:Nucl.Phys.B126:298,1977
    [3488 Total citations in HEP]
  7. 2674
    QCD and Resonance Physics. Sum Rules
    By Mikhail A. Shifman, A.I. Vainshtein, Valentin I. Zakharov (Moscow, ITEP).
    Published in:Nucl.Phys.B147:385-447,1979
    [3185 Total citations in HEP]
  8. 2638
    Confinement of Quarks
    By Kenneth G. Wilson (Cornell U., LNS).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.D10:2445-2459,1974
    [2930 Total citations in HEP]
  9. 2578
    Supersymmetry, Supergravity and Particle Physics
    By Hans Peter Nilles (Geneva U. & CERN).
    Published in:Phys.Rept.110:1,1984
    [3088 Total citations in HEP]
  10. 2577
    Unity of All Elementary Particle Forces
    By H. Georgi, S.L. Glashow (Harvard U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.Lett.32:438-441,1974
    [2871 Total citations in HEP]
  11. 2532
    The Search for Supersymmetry: Probing Physics Beyond the Standard Model
    By Howard E. Haber (UC, Santa Cruz & SLAC), Gordon L. Kane (Michigan U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rept.117:75,1985
    [3025 Total citations in HEP]
  12. 2522
    The Large N limit of superconformal field theories and supergravity
    By Juan M. Maldacena (Harvard U.).
    Published in:Adv.Theor.Math.Phys.2:231-252,1998, Int.J.Theor.Phys.38:1113-1133,1999 [arXiv: hep-th/9711200]
    [4540 Total citations in HEP]
  13. 2371
    Dynamical Model of Elementary Particles Based on an Analogy with Superconductivity. 1.
    By Yoichiro Nambu, G. Jona-Lasinio (Chicago U., EFI).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.122:345-358,1961
    [2763 Total citations in HEP]
  14. 2361
    Computation of the Quantum Effects Due to a Four-Dimensional Pseudoparticle
    By Gerard 't Hooft (Harvard U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.D14:3432-3450,1976, Erratum-ibid.D18:2199,1978
    [2687 Total citations in HEP]
  15. 2289
    Lepton Number as the Fourth Color
    By Jogesh C. Pati (Maryland U.), Abdus Salam (ICTP, Trieste & Imperial Coll., London).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.D10:275-289,1974, Erratum-ibid.D11:703-703,1975
    [2651 Total citations in HEP]
  16. 2279
    Neutrino Oscillations in Matter
    By L. Wolfenstein (Carnegie Mellon U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.D17:2369,1978
    [2807 Total citations in HEP]
  17. 2125
    The Inflationary Universe: A Possible Solution to the Horizon and Flatness Problems
    By Alan H. Guth (SLAC).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.D23:347-356,1981
    [2830 Total citations in HEP]
  18. 2087
    Symmetry Breaking Through Bell-Jackiw Anomalies
    By Gerard 't Hooft (Harvard U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.Lett.37:8-11,1976
    [2314 Total citations in HEP]
  19. 2086
    Axial vector vertex in spinor electrodynamics
    By Stephen L. Adler (Princeton U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.177:2426-2438,1969
    [2268 Total citations in HEP]
  20. 2064
    Infinite Conformal Symmetry in Two-Dimensional Quantum Field Theory
    By A.A. Belavin, Alexander M. Polyakov (Landau Inst.), A.B. Zamolodchikov (CERN & Landau Inst.).
    Published in:Nucl.Phys.B241:333-380,1984
    [2262 Total citations in HEP]
  21. 2059
    Radiative Corrections as the Origin of Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking
    By Sidney R. Coleman, E. Weinberg (Harvard U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.D7:1888-1910,1973
    [2341 Total citations in HEP]
  22. 2002
    Regularization and Renormalization of Gauge Fields
    By Gerard 't Hooft, M.J.G. Veltman (Utrecht U.).
    Published in:Nucl.Phys.B44:189-213,1972
    [2308 Total citations in HEP]
  23. 1984
    Reliable Perturbative Results for Strong Interactions?
    By H.David Politzer (Harvard U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.Lett.30:1346-1349,1973
    [2279 Total citations in HEP]
  24. 1978
    Ultraviolet Behavior of Nonabelian Gauge Theories
    By D.J. Gross, Frank Wilczek (Princeton U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.Lett.30:1343-1346,1973
    [2266 Total citations in HEP]
  25. 1955
    On gauge invariance and vacuum polarization
    By Julian S. Schwinger (Harvard U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.82:664-679,1951
    [2346 Total citations in HEP]
  26. 1943
    A Planar Diagram Theory for Strong Interactions
    By Gerard 't Hooft (CERN).
    Published in:Nucl.Phys.B72:461,1974
    [2512 Total citations in HEP]
  27. 1850
    High-energy physics event generation with PYTHIA 5.7 and JETSET 7.4
    By Torbjorn Sjostrand (CERN).
    Published in:Comput.Phys.Commun.82:74-90,1994
    [2427 Total citations in HEP]
  28. 1850
    Particle Creation by Black Holes
    By S.W. Hawking (Cambridge U.).
    Published in:Commun.Math.Phys.43:199-220,1975, Erratum-ibid.46:206-206,1976
    [2614 Total citations in HEP]
  29. 1812
    Anti-de Sitter space and holography
    By Edward Witten (Princeton, Inst. Advanced Study).
    Published in:Adv.Theor.Math.Phys.2:253-291,1998 [arXiv: hep-th/9802150]
    [3074 Total citations in HEP]
  30. 1797
    Evidence for oscillation of atmospheric neutrinos
    By Super-Kamiokande Collaboration (Y. Fukuda et al.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.Lett.81:1562-1567,1998 [arXiv: hep-ex/9807003]
    [2815 Total citations in HEP]
  31. 1784
    QCD and Resonance Physics: Applications
    By Mikhail A. Shifman, A.I. Vainshtein, Valentin I. Zakharov (Moscow, ITEP).
    Published in:Nucl.Phys.B147:448-518,1979
    [1993 Total citations in HEP]
  32. 1766
    Quantum Geometry of Bosonic Strings
    By Alexander M. Polyakov (Landau Inst.).
    Published in:Phys.Lett.B103:207-210,1981
    [1916 Total citations in HEP]
  33. 1750
    Pseudoparticle Solutions of the Yang-Mills Equations
    By A.A. Belavin, Alexander M. Polyakov, A.S. Shvarts, Yu.S. Tyupkin (Landau Inst.).
    Published in:Phys.Lett.B59:85-87,1975
    [1940 Total citations in HEP]
  34. 1746
    A PCAC puzzle: pi0 --> gamma gamma in the sigma model
    By J.S. Bell, R. Jackiw (CERN).
    Published in:Nuovo Cim.A60:47-61,1969
    [1919 Total citations in HEP]
  35. 1736
    Vacuum Configurations for Superstrings
    By P. Candelas (Texas U. & Santa Barbara, KITP), Gary T. Horowitz (UC, Santa Barbara), Andrew Strominger (Princeton, Inst. Advanced Study), Edward Witten (Princeton U.).
    Published in:Nucl.Phys.B258:46-74,1985
    [1926 Total citations in HEP]
  36. 1714
    Super Collider Physics
    By E. Eichten (Fermilab), I. Hinchliffe (LBL, Berkeley), Kenneth D. Lane (Ohio State U.), C. Quigg (Fermilab).
    Published in:Rev.Mod.Phys.56:579-707,1984, Addendum-ibid.58:1065-1073,1986
    [1780 Total citations in HEP]
  37. 1692
    Unitary Symmetry and Leptonic Decays
    By N. Cabibbo (CERN).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.Lett.10:531-532,1963
    [2315 Total citations in HEP]
  38. 1666
    The Hierarchy problem and new dimensions at a millimeter
    By Nima Arkani-Hamed (SLAC), Savas Dimopoulos (Stanford U., Phys. Dept.), G.R. Dvali (ICTP, Trieste).
    Published in:Phys.Lett.B429:263-272,1998 [arXiv: hep-ph/9803315]
    [3079 Total citations in HEP]
  39. 1643
    Gauge theory correlators from noncritical string theory
    By S.S. Gubser, Igor R. Klebanov, Alexander M. Polyakov (Princeton U.).
    Published in:Phys.Lett.B428:105-114,1998 [arXiv: hep-th/9802109]
    [2712 Total citations in HEP]
  40. 1627
    Resonance Amplification of Oscillations in Matter and Spectroscopy of Solar Neutrinos
    By S.P. Mikheev, A.Yu. Smirnov (Moscow, INR).
    Published in:Sov.J.Nucl.Phys.42:913-917,1985, Yad.Fiz.42:1441-1448,1985
    [2095 Total citations in HEP]
  41. 1620
    Magnetic Monopoles in Unified Gauge Theories
    By Gerard 't Hooft (CERN).
    Published in:Nucl.Phys.B79:276-284,1974
    [1845 Total citations in HEP]
  42. 1613
    Hadron Masses in a Gauge Theory
    By A. De Rujula, Howard Georgi, S.L. Glashow (Harvard U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.D12:147-162,1975
    [1796 Total citations in HEP]
  43. 1606
    Chiral Perturbation Theory: Expansions in the Mass of the Strange Quark
    By J. Gasser (Bern U.), H. Leutwyler (CERN).
    Published in:Nucl.Phys.B250:465,1985
    [2152 Total citations in HEP]
  44. 1587
    Anomaly Cancellation in Supersymmetric D=10 Gauge Theory and Superstring Theory
    By Michael B. Green (Queen Mary, U. of London & Caltech), John H. Schwarz (Caltech).
    Published in:Phys.Lett.B149:117-122,1984
    [1827 Total citations in HEP]
  45. 1573
    Chiral Perturbation Theory to One Loop
    By J. Gasser (Bern U.), H. Leutwyler (CERN).
    Published in:Annals Phys.158:142,1984
    [2098 Total citations in HEP]
  46. 1560
    Exclusive Processes in Perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics
    By G.Peter Lepage (Cornell U., LNS), Stanley J. Brodsky (SLAC).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.D22:2157,1980
    [2017 Total citations in HEP]
  47. 1549
    Symmetry Behavior at Finite Temperature
    By L. Dolan, R. Jackiw (MIT, LNS).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.D9:3320-3341,1974
    [1694 Total citations in HEP]
  48. 1534
    Consequences of anomalous Ward identities
    By J. Wess (CERN & Karlsruhe U.), B. Zumino (CERN).
    Published in:Phys.Lett.B37:95,1971
    [1713 Total citations in HEP]
  49. 1525
    Parton Fragmentation and String Dynamics
    By Bo Andersson, G. Gustafson, G. Ingelman, T. Sjostrand (Lund U., Dept. Theor. Phys.).
    Published in:Phys.Rept.97:31,1983
    [1720 Total citations in HEP]
  50. 1516
    The Lund Monte Carlo for Jet Fragmentation and e+ e- Physics. Jetset Version 6.3: An Update
    By Torbjorn Sjostrand, Mats Bengtsson (Lund U., Dept. Theor. Phys.).
    Published in:Comput.Phys.Commun.43:367,1987
    [1589 Total citations in HEP]