Top Cited Articles during 1999 by gr-qc

Top Cited Articles during 1999 by gr-qc

The 50 most highly cited papers during 1999 cited by papers in the gr-qc archive

Keep in mind that citation counts can never be exact, there is something like a 5% error in most of these numbers. Please do not fret about number 32 versus 33, as this is often not a statistically significant difference. Remember the detailed warning about the accuracy of these counts.

Also note that the counts shown, and used in the rankings, are the counts as of Fri 16-Mar-2007. Further, the counts shown by the ranking are only the cites satisfying the criteria for that list. Actual citation numbers in the database may change as corrections are made and papers are added, the links will take you to the updated numbers. The lists, however, will not update.

  1. 68
    Particle Creation by Black Holes
    By S.W. Hawking (Cambridge U.).
    Published in:Commun.Math.Phys.43:199-220,1975, Erratum-ibid.46:206-206,1976
    [2610 Total citations in HEP]
  2. 45
    LIGO: The Laser interferometer gravitational wave observatory
    By Alex Abramovici, William E. Althouse, Ronald W.P. Drever, Yekta Gursel, Seiji Kawamura, Frederick J. Raab, David Shoemaker, Lisa Sievers, Robert E. Spero, Kip S. Thorne, Rochus E. Vogt, Rainer Weiss, Stanley E. Whitcomb, Michael E. Zucker (Caltech & Caltech, JPL & MIT, LNS).
    Published in:Science 256:325-333,1992
    [564 Total citations in HEP]
  3. 42
    Wave Function of the Universe
    By J.B. Hartle (Chicago U., EFI & Santa Barbara, KITP), S.W. Hawking (Cambridge U. & Santa Barbara, KITP).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.D28:2960-2975,1983
    [1245 Total citations in HEP]
  4. 38
    Mach's principle and a relativistic theory of gravitation
    By C. Brans, R.H. Dicke (Princeton U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.124:925-935,1961
    [975 Total citations in HEP]
  5. 36
    Observational evidence from supernovae for an accelerating universe and a cosmological constant
    By Supernova Search Team (Adam G. Riess et al.).
    Published in:Astron.J.116:1009-1038,1998 [arXiv: astro-ph/9805201]
    [3075 Total citations in HEP]
  6. 34
    The Inflationary Universe: A Possible Solution to the Horizon and Flatness Problems
    By Alan H. Guth (SLAC).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.D23:347-356,1981
    [2828 Total citations in HEP]
  7. 33
    Black holes and entropy
    By Jacob D. Bekenstein (Princeton U. & Texas U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.D7:2333-2346,1973
    [1210 Total citations in HEP]
  8. 30
    Pre - big bang in string cosmology
    By M. Gasperini (Turin U. & INFN, Turin), G. Veneziano (CERN).
    Published in:Astropart.Phys.1:317-339,1993 [arXiv: hep-th/9211021]
    [525 Total citations in HEP]
  9. 27
    Measurements of Omega and Lambda from 42 high redshift supernovae
    By Supernova Cosmology Project (S. Perlmutter et al.).
    Published in:Astrophys.J.517:565-586,1999 [arXiv: astro-ph/9812133]
    [3191 Total citations in HEP]
  10. 26
    Notes on black hole evaporation
    By W.G. Unruh (McMaster U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.D14:870,1976
    [914 Total citations in HEP]
  11. 26
    New Variables for Classical and Quantum Gravity
    By A. Ashtekar (Syracuse U. & UC, Santa Barbara).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.Lett.57:2244-2247,1986
    [625 Total citations in HEP]
  12. 24
    Scale factor duality for classical and quantum strings
    By G. Veneziano (CERN).
    Published in:Phys.Lett.B265:287-294,1991
    [513 Total citations in HEP]
  13. 24
    Black hole explosions
    By S.W. Hawking (Cambridge U.).
    Published in:Nature 248:30-31,1974
    [925 Total citations in HEP]
  14. 23
    Quantum Theory of Gravity. 1. The Canonical Theory
    By Bryce S. DeWitt (Princeton, Inst. Advanced Study & North Carolina U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.160:1113-1148,1967
    [1098 Total citations in HEP]
  15. 21
    The Black hole in three-dimensional space-time
    By Maximo Banados (CECS, Valdivia & Chile U., Santiago), Claudio Teitelboim (CECS, Valdivia & Chile U., Santiago & Princeton, Inst. Advanced Study), Jorge Zanelli (CECS, Valdivia & Chile U., Santiago).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.Lett.69:1849-1851,1992 [arXiv: hep-th/9204099]
    [904 Total citations in HEP]
  16. 21
    On the Quantum Structure of a Black Hole
    By Gerard 't Hooft (Utrecht U.).
    Published in:Nucl.Phys.B256:727,1985
    [506 Total citations in HEP]
  17. 21
    New Hamiltonian Formulation of General Relativity
    By A. Ashtekar (Syracuse U. & UC, Santa Barbara & Munich, Max Planck Inst.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.D36:1587-1602,1987
    [699 Total citations in HEP]
  18. 21
    The Cosmological Constant Problem
    By Steven Weinberg (Texas U.).
    Published in:Rev.Mod.Phys.61:1-23,1989
    [1242 Total citations in HEP]
  19. 20
    Action Integrals and Partition Functions in Quantum Gravity
    By G.W. Gibbons, S.W. Hawking (Cambridge U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.D15:2752-2756,1977
    [1020 Total citations in HEP]
  20. 19
    Discovery of a supernova explosion at half the age of the Universe and its cosmological implications
    By Supernova Cosmology Project (S. Perlmutter et al.).
    Published in:Nature 391:51-54,1998 [arXiv: astro-ph/9712212]
    [786 Total citations in HEP]
  21. 19
    Generalized second law of thermodynamics in black hole physics
    By Jacob D. Bekenstein (Texas U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.D9:3292-3300,1974
    [605 Total citations in HEP]
  22. 19
    Cosmological Event Horizons, Thermodynamics, and Particle Creation
    By G.W. Gibbons, S.W. Hawking (Cambridge U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.D15:2738-2751,1977
    [833 Total citations in HEP]
  23. 18
    Singular hypersurfaces and thin shells in general relativity
    By W. Israel (Alberta U.).
    Published in:Nuovo Cim.B44S10:1,1966, Erratum-ibid.B48:463,1967, Nuovo Cim.B44:1,1966
    [714 Total citations in HEP]
  24. 18
    Cosmological imprint of an energy component with general equation of state
    By R.R. Caldwell, Rahul Dave, Paul J. Steinhardt (Pennsylvania U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.Lett.80:1582-1585,1998 [arXiv: astro-ph/9708069]
    [1091 Total citations in HEP]
  25. 18
    Geometry of the (2+1) black hole
    By Maximo Banados (CECS, Valdivia & Chile U., Santiago & CECS, Valdivia & Brussels U. & CECS, Valdivia & Chile U., Santiago & Princeton, Inst. Advanced Study & CECS, Valdivia & Chile U., Santiago), Marc Henneaux (CECS, Valdivia & Brussels U.), Claudio Teitelboim (CECS, Valdivia & Chile U., Santiago & Princeton, Inst. Advanced Study), Jorge Zanelli (CECS, Valdivia & Chile U., Santiago).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.D48:1506-1525,1993 [arXiv: gr-qc/9302012]
    [617 Total citations in HEP]
  26. 17
    The World as a hologram
    By Leonard Susskind (Stanford U., Phys. Dept.).
    Published in:J.Math.Phys.36:6377-6396,1995 [arXiv: hep-th/9409089]
    [873 Total citations in HEP]
  27. 16
    The Large N limit of superconformal field theories and supergravity
    By Juan M. Maldacena (Harvard U.).
    Published in:Adv.Theor.Math.Phys.2:231-252,1998, Int.J.Theor.Phys.38:1113-1133,1999 [arXiv: hep-th/9711200]
    [4538 Total citations in HEP]
  28. 15
    Strings in Background Fields
    By Curtis G. Callan, Jr., E.J. Martinec, M.J. Perry (Princeton U.), D. Friedan (Chicago U., EFI & Chicago U.).
    Published in:Nucl.Phys.B262:593,1985
    [1228 Total citations in HEP]
  29. 14
    Cosmological Consequences of a Rolling Homogeneous Scalar Field
    By Bharat Ratra, P.J.E. Peebles (Princeton U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.D37:3406,1988
    [1243 Total citations in HEP]
  30. 13
    Theory of cosmological perturbations. Part 1. Classical perturbations. Part 2. Quantum theory of perturbations. Part 3. Extensions
    By Viatcheslav F. Mukhanov (Brown U. & Moscow, INR), H.A. Feldman (Canadian Inst. Theor. Astrophys.), Robert H. Brandenberger (Brown U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rept.215:203-333,1992
    [1013 Total citations in HEP]
  31. 13
    Why There Is Nothing Rather Than Something: A Theory of the Cosmological Constant
    By Sidney R. Coleman (Harvard U.).
    Published in:Nucl.Phys.B310:643,1988
    [526 Total citations in HEP]
  32. 13
    Dimensional reduction in quantum gravity
    By Gerard 't Hooft (Utrecht U.).
    HEP Record [arXiv: gr-qc/9310026]
    [670 Total citations in HEP]
  33. 13
    Extended Inflationary Cosmology
    By Daile La, Paul J. Steinhardt (Pennsylvania U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.Lett.62:376,1989, Erratum-ibid.62:1066,1989
    [544 Total citations in HEP]
  34. 13
    Cosmology with a Time Variable Cosmological Constant
    By P.J.E. Peebles, Bharat Ratra (Princeton U.).
    Published in:Astrophys.J.325:L17,1988
    [636 Total citations in HEP]
  35. 13
    A New Inflationary Universe Scenario: A Possible Solution of the Horizon, Flatness, Homogeneity, Isotropy and Primordial Monopole Problems
    By Andrei D. Linde (Lebedev Inst.).
    Published in:Phys.Lett.B108:389-393,1982
    [1633 Total citations in HEP]
  36. 12
    The Hierarchy problem and new dimensions at a millimeter
    By Nima Arkani-Hamed (SLAC), Savas Dimopoulos (Stanford U., Phys. Dept.), G.R. Dvali (ICTP, Trieste).
    Published in:Phys.Lett.B429:263-272,1998 [arXiv: hep-ph/9803315]
    [3076 Total citations in HEP]
  37. 12
    A New Type of Isotropic Cosmological Models Without Singularity
    By Alexei A. Starobinsky (Cambridge U. & Landau Inst.).
    Published in:Phys.Lett.B91:99-102,1980
    [681 Total citations in HEP]
  38. 11
    Three-Dimensional Einstein Gravity: Dynamics of Flat Space
    By S. Deser (Brandeis U.), R. Jackiw (MIT, LNS), Gerard 't Hooft (Utrecht U.).
    Published in:Annals Phys.152:220,1984
    [588 Total citations in HEP]
  39. 11
    Quintessence, cosmic coincidence, and the cosmological constant
    By Ivaylo Zlatev, Li-Min Wang (Pennsylvania U.), Paul J. Steinhardt (Pennsylvania U. & Princeton U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.Lett.82:896-899,1999 [arXiv: astro-ph/9807002]
    [755 Total citations in HEP]
  40. 11
    Black Holes in Higher Dimensional Space-Times
    By Robert C. Myers, M.J. Perry (Princeton U.).
    Published in:Annals Phys.172:304,1986
    [640 Total citations in HEP]
  41. 10
    Four year COBE DMR cosmic microwave background observations: Maps and basic results
    By C.L. Bennett (NASA, Goddard), A. Banday, K.M. Gorski, G. Hinshaw, P. Jackson, P. Keegstra, A. Kogut (Hughes STX, Greenbelt), George F. Smoot (LBL, Berkeley & UC, Berkeley), D.T. Wilkinson (Princeton U.), E.L. Wright (UCLA).
    Published in:Astrophys.J.464:L1-L4,1996 [arXiv: astro-ph/9601067]
    [668 Total citations in HEP]
  42. 10
    Phenomenology, astrophysics and cosmology of theories with submillimeter dimensions and TeV scale quantum gravity
    By Nima Arkani-Hamed (SLAC), Savas Dimopoulos (Stanford U., Phys. Dept.), G.R. Dvali (ICTP, Trieste).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.D59:086004,1999 [arXiv: hep-ph/9807344]
    [1456 Total citations in HEP]
  43. 10
    Structure in the COBE differential microwave radiometer first year maps
    By George F. Smoot, C.L. Bennett, A. Kogut, E.L. Wright, J. Aymon, N.W. Boggess, E.S. Cheng, G. De Amici, S. Gulkis, M.G. Hauser, G. Hinshaw, C. Lineweaver, K. Loewenstein, P.D. Jackson, M. Janssen, E. Kaita, T. Kelsall, P. Keegstra, P. Lubin, John C. Mather, S.S. Meyer, S.H. Moseley, T. Murdock, L. Rokke, R.F. Silverberg, L. Tenorio, R. Weiss, D.T. Wilkinson (LBL, Berkeley & UC, Berkeley, Space Sci. Dept. & UC, Berkeley, CfPA & NASA, Goddard & Universities Space Research Assoc. & UCLA & Caltech, JPL & Hughes STX, Greenbelt & UC, Santa Barbara & MIT, LNS & General Research, Danvers & Princeton U.).
    Published in:Astrophys.J.396:L1-L5,1992
    [1290 Total citations in HEP]
  44. 10
    Effective Field Theory from Quantized Strings
    By E.S. Fradkin, A.A. Tseytlin (Lebedev Inst.).
    Published in:Phys.Lett.B158:316,1985
    [618 Total citations in HEP]
  45. 10
    On gauge invariance and vacuum polarization
    By Julian S. Schwinger (Harvard U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.82:664-679,1951
    [2343 Total citations in HEP]
  46. 10
    Review of Particle Physics
    By Particle Data Group (W.-M. Yao et al.).
    Citations are counted for all versions of the RPP, most recent version is:
    Published in:J.Phys.G33:1-1232,2006
    [658 Total citations in HEP]
    [27758 Total Citations to all copies of RPP in HEP]
  47. 9
    (2+1)-Dimensional Gravity as an Exactly Soluble System
    By Edward Witten (Princeton, Inst. Advanced Study).
    Published in:Nucl.Phys.B311:46,1988
    [999 Total citations in HEP]
  48. 9
    Gravitational Field of Vacuum Domain Walls and Strings
    By A. Vilenkin (Tufts U.).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.D23:852-857,1981
    [537 Total citations in HEP]
  49. 9
    Anti-de Sitter space and holography
    By Edward Witten (Princeton, Inst. Advanced Study).
    Published in:Adv.Theor.Math.Phys.2:253-291,1998 [arXiv: hep-th/9802150]
    [3073 Total citations in HEP]
  50. 9
    Black Holes and Membranes in Higher Dimensional Theories with Dilaton Fields
    By G.W. Gibbons (Meudon Observ. & Ecole Normale Superieure), Kei-ichi Maeda (Meudon Observ. & Tokyo U.).
    Published in:Nucl.Phys.B298:741,1988
    [653 Total citations in HEP]
  51. 9
    Gravitational Effects on and of Vacuum Decay
    By Sidney R. Coleman (SLAC), Frank De Luccia (Princeton, Inst. Advanced Study).
    Published in:Phys.Rev.D21:3305,1980
    [539 Total citations in HEP]