Digital Divide and PingER

	Prepared by Les Cottrell for the ICFA meeting, August 15, 2003
	www.slac.stanford.edu/grp/scs/net/talk03/icfa-aug03.html

PingER Benefits

	Measures analyzes & reports round-trip times, losses, availability, throughput ...
		Uses ubiquitous ping, no special host, or software to install/configure at remote sites
		Low impact on network << 100bits/s, important for many DD sites
		Covers 75+ countries (99% of Internet connected population)
	Provides quantitative historical (> 8yrs) and near real-time information
		Aggregate by regions, affiliations etc.
		How bad is performance to various regions, rank countries?
		Trends: who is catching up, falling behind, is progress being made?
		Compare vs. economic, development indicators etc.
	Use for trouble shooting setting expectations, presenting to policy makers, funding bodies

Countries Monitored

Recent additions

	Contacts
		New contacts in Vietnam, the Philippines, Serbia/Montenegro, Belarus, Macedonia, Albania, Turkey, and Tunisia
		Looking for contacts in Cuba, Kenya, Algeria and South Africa, Uganda
	Added hosts in Macedonia, Serbia/Montenegro, Belarus, Turkey, Armenia, Mexico and Azerbaijan.
	Increased hosts monitored from CERN to give better European view
		Now monitoring 60 countries

Current State – June ‘03 (throughput)

	Within region performance better
		E.g. Ca|US-NA, Hu-SE Eu, Eu-Eu, Jp-E Asia, Au-Au, Ru-Ru
	Africa, Caucasus, Central & S. Asia all bad

Trends

Loss Comparisons with Development (UNDP)

Slide 8

Network Readiness

	NRI from Center for International Development, Harvard U. http://www.cid.harvard.edu/cr/pdf/gitrr2002_ch02.pdf

Collaborations & Funding

	35+ monitoring sites in 15 countries
		Plan to add ICTP Trieste if funded
		Other projects used toolkit, e.g. XIWT
	SLAC with help from FNAL
	Digital Divide collaboration (MOU) with ICTP, Trieste
		eJDS
		They are looking for a EU grant for eJDS and PingER
	Need funding for coming year:
		Working with DoE, NSF, Pew Charitable Foundation …
		Tasks:
			(0.5 FTE) ongoing maintain data collection, explain needs, reopen connections, open firewall blocks, find replacement hosts, make limited special analyses, prepare & make presentations, respond to questions
			(+ 0.5 FTE) extend the code for new environment (more countries, more data collections), fix known non-critical bugs, improve visualization, automate  reports generated by hand today, find new country site contacts, add route histories and visualization, automate alarms, update web site for better navigation, add more DD monitoring sites/countries, improve code portability
	Also looking for small grants for helpers in developing countries
	ICFA: show importance to policy makers, funding agencies, identify sympathetic contacts at agencies, get support

Summary

	Performance is improving all over
	Performance to developed countries are orders of magnitude better than to developing countries
	Poorer regions 5-10 years behind
	Poorest regions Africa, Caucasus, Central & S. Asia
	Some regions are:
		catching up (SE Europe, Russia),
		keeping up (Latin America, Mid East, China),
		falling further behind (e.g. India, Africa)

More Information

	PingER:
		www-iepm.slac.stanford.edu/pinger/
	eJDS
		www.ejds.org/
	ICFA/SCIC Network Monitoring report, Jan03
		www.slac.stanford.edu/xorg/icfa/icfa-net-paper-dec02
	Monitoring the Digital Divide, CHEP03 paper
		http://arxiv.org/ftp/physics/papers/0305/0305016.pdf
	Human Development Index
		www.undp.org/hdr2003/pdf/hdr03_backmatter_2.pdf
	Network Readiness Index
		www.weforum.org/site/homepublic.nsf/Content/Initiatives+subhome

EXtras