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OpenMP Tutorial
OpenMP's "Hello World"
Name this little "Hello World" program hello.c:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <omp.h>
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
int iam = 0, np = 1;
#pragma omp parallel default(shared) private(iam, np)
{
#if defined (_OPENMP)
np = omp_get_num_threads();
iam = omp_get_thread_num();
#endif
printf("Hello from thread %d out of %d\n", iam, np);
}
}
Compiling and Linking OpenMP Programs
Once you have your OpenMP example program, you can compile and link
it with
- Linux:
/afs/slac.stanford.edu/package/intel_tools/compiler9.0/@sys/cc/bin/icc
-openmp hello.c -o hello
- Solaris:
/afs/slac/package/sunworkshop/10/SUNWspro/bin/cc
-xopenmp=noopt hello.c -o hello
Running OpenMP Programs
The OpenMP runtime environment needs an environment variable to tell it how
many threads you want to use for your program. In bash syntax,
this looks like this
export OMP_NUM_THREADS=4
Now you can start your program and it will execute with 4 parallel threads:
alfw@noric> ./hello
Hello from thread 0 out of 4
Hello from thread 1 out of 4
Hello from thread 2 out of 4
Hello from thread 3 out of 4
Note that if the computer you are executing your OpenMPI program on has
fewer CPUs or cores than the number of threads you have specified in
OMP_NUM_THREADS, the OpenMP runtime environment will still
spawn as many threads but the operating system will sequentialize them.
References
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